Late Initialization (ESM or CJS)

In order for auto-instrumentation to work, it is generally required to run Sentry.init() as early as possible, before anything else is imported in your application.

However, in some cases this may not be possible to do—for example, if you are fetching your DSN from an external source. In this case, you can use the @sentry/node/preload hook to ensure modules are wrapped early, which allows you to call Sentry.init() later at a time of your choosing.

This initialization method is available starting in version 8.5.0.

Late Initialization with CommonJS (CJS)

In your CJS application, use the @sentry/node/preload hook with --require to ensure modules are wrapped early:

node --require @sentry/node/preload app.js

Then, in your application you can call Sentry.init() at a later point:

const startApp = require('./app');
const fetchDsn = require('./utils/fetchDsn');
const Sentry = require('@sentry/node');

startApp();

const dsn = fetchDsn();
Sentry.init({
  dsn,

  // Add Performance Monitoring by setting tracesSampleRate
  // We recommend adjusting this value in production
  tracesSampleRate: 1.0,
});

// From now on, Sentry is initialized,
// but the app is still auto-instrumented

Late Initialization with ESM

In your CJS application, use the @sentry/node/preload hook with --import to ensure modules are wrapped early:

# Note: This is only available for Node v18.19.0 onwards.
node --import @sentry/node/preload app.,js

Then, in your application you can call Sentry.init() at a later point:

import startApp from './app';
import fetchDsn from './utils/fetchDsn';
import * as Sentry from '@sentry/node';

startApp();

const dsn = fetchDsn();
Sentry.init({
  dsn,

  // Add Performance Monitoring by setting tracesSampleRate
  // We recommend adjusting this value in production
  tracesSampleRate: 1.0,
});

// From now on, Sentry is initialized,
// but the app is still auto-instrumented

What does Preloading mean?

Integrations that are preloaded ensure that the necessary modules are wrapped early, before they can be imported by your application. At this point, the modules are wrapped, but will not do anything—nothing will be emitted or captured from them.

Once you call Sentry.init(), the wrapped modules will automatically start emitting performance data which will be sent to Sentry.

What is Preloaded?

By default, all performance instrumentation is preloaded when using the @sentry/node/preload hook.

You can optionally configure to only preload certain integrations by defining a SENTRY_PRELOAD_INTEGRATIONS environment variable. This variable should be a comma-separated list of integrations to preload. For example, to only preload the Http and Express integrations, you can set the environment variable as follows:

SENTRY_PRELOAD_INTEGRATIONS="Http,Express" node --require @sentry/node/preload app.js

You can pass the names of any of the following integrations:

• Http
• Express
• Connect
• Fastify
• Hapi
• Koa
• Nest
• Mongo
• Mongoose
• Mysql
• Mysql2
• Postgres
• Graphql

Note that it is not necessary to preload NodeFetch, this will always be instrumented.

Debugging Preload

You can also define a SENTRY_DEBUG environment variable in order to get debug logs from the preload hook. This can be useful to understand what is happening during the preload process.

SENTRY_DEBUG=1 node --require @sentry/node/preload app.js